Improvement in fliers



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH B. CLARK, OF MANCHESTER, NEIV HAMPSHIRE, (ADMINISTRATOR OF DAVID F. SMITH, DEOEASED,) ASSIGNOR TO AARON IV. SMITII, OF

SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN FLlERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No: 33,S66, dated December 3, 1861.

1 Used for Spinning Cotton, IVOOIen, and other Fibrous Substances, and that I, JOSEPH B.

- CLARK, administrator of said SMITH, do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accom panying drawings, forin- 'ing a part of this specification.

The object of said invention is to wind I more closely and evenly than heretofore the thread upon its bobbin by means of. an adj ustable presser attached to the flier, as hereinafter more fully described.

Figure I of the drawings represents that portion of the flier in which the bobbin or spool is inserted with the presser att-ached to f side of the flier.

Fig. II represents a part of one side of the flier on which the presser is secured, and the presser itself of full size. Fig. III represents two forms of a washeron the shaft of the presser.

Like letters represent similar parts in the vsevera-l figures.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use the said invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

g g g g indicate the flier, and i; IU line. of

.Y spindle on which bobbin or spool is set for winding, being the center of the flier.

b b, Fig. II, are stands attached to g for holding the presser; a ct, Fig. II, shaft of presser;

r Ym m, Fig. I, arm of presser; s, spring of presser coiled around its shaft; c, washer or adjustable ring for regulating spring s; j, a pin by which one end of s is fastened to shaft a; 1l, a stop-washer to prevent m from passing center of flier o fr; f, a projection of o, Fig I, that is forced by s into a notch d cut into b,

Y Fig. II, for holding the spring sat the desired place.

Other letters represent other parts, as hereinafter set forth.

The operation of the presser is as follows,

- with the reasons of its construction:

The bobbin having been placed in the iiier the iiier is set in motion with the thread, representedby redlines, coming into top of same at t, and passing along down g until it arrives half-way of g, Fig. I, there coming out of g at y, Fig. I, is wound round m several times. Passing through hole in m at p and comes out of the inside of m, as shown, to t', from whence the thread goes directly to its bobbin. By the revolution of the flier the thread is wound on its bobbin, rand the arm of the presser my, flattened at its end, is continually held down to the surface of the bobbin by means of its spring s. Spring s is a spiral spring coiled around shaft of presser a, between blb, Fig. II, one end (the top) of which is made fast .by a pin j, Fig. I, to shaft of presser ct, and the other end of s is made fast by soldering to washer c.

e is a ring or washer playing, when relieved, as hereinafter described, freely around shaft a. It is necessary to have s coiled tightly or loosely, as the speed of the ilier requires, or the nature or condition of the thread spun may from time to time demand.

To regulate the spring s to a greater or less tension in order to secure more or less pressure of ml von the bobbin, the washer c has two or more projections or lips on its lower end, one of which is shown in Fig. I aff, andff are by s, when coiled,pressed into notches or mortises cut into the inner or upper side of b next to c, as shown in Fig. I, and c is thus prevented from revolving, as it would on tightening the coil of s or when arm m is drawn back or from the center in process of winding. In fact, were it not for these lips, s could not be tightened and loosened and secured.

s is wound on a as follows: It being fastened at j, a pin or common hand-awl is inserted into a hole c in c, Figs. I and II, and by pressing the awl up or toward j, f iswithdrawn from its notch cl, and then while holding the awl in Qc, c is turned by the hand a quarter or half round until its lip f comes opposite another notch d, when the elasticity of s forces f into d, thus holding c firmly in its place, and a greater pressure is given to m by the half or quarter turn of s. The reversing of c in the same manner will lessen the tension of s, and thus by turning c on the shaft d in the manner described one way or the other any desired pressure of m may be attained and secured. This mode of regulating the amount of pressure is but the work of a moment and requires no removal of the ier or any part thereof. Shaft d plays freely through holes drilled in b D, and on its lower end at a', Fig. II, is fastened a washer t', a at this end beinginade square andi fitted to the saine, a being of round iron from this point until reaching nea-r the end of arm m, as represented. i is made, as represented in Fig. III, in form of the letter V, or of a halfmoon shape, with its point or lower part long enough to prevent its passing g, thereby limiting the action of s in one direction, so as to prevent m from passing the center line 'u c e of the bobbins revolution. The threadt is received upon its bobbin at the end of m, Fig. I, and fmgently or firmly pressing the bobbin itself at the point of. winding, assisted by groove o o inside of m, secures the desired tightness of the thread upon its spool, the thread itself being too weak to be closely wound without constant breaking. As these fliers are run at the speed of twelve or fourteen hundred revolutions per minute and the threads are very loose and feeble any strain upon the thread or on any unsupported distance of thread is very liable to break the saine, and one great advantage of this presser is not only the tight winding of the bobbin it secures, but in obviating a further difficulty heretofore experienced, viz: In all other pressers for liiers their construction is such that the thread in passing from tube g to its presser is for a considerable space-a half inch or more-entirely unsupported, except by its own strength,whereas by the inode herein described the presser-arin that receives the thread plays back into a notch cut into g at q, Fig. I, out of which notch the thread comes, and the thread thus passes directly from the inside of the tubo g onto m when the flier is in revolution.

A yet further advantage consists in the method of attaching this presser to its fiier, so as to secure an even balancing' of and consequent equable motion of the flier, which at the high speed these are driven is extremely important, the least irregularity or disturbance of poise being fatal to good work. Thus b b are attached on one side of gand by crooking the arin m. m while in revolution is also brought upon the opposite side of the fliertube, thus bringing the presser nearer the ccnter of revolution than heretofore, (all presure heretofore used bcingattached in my belief on the outside of fliers,) and also further securing a true revolution by the arrangements of parts ntf/n on one side of the bobbin and the parts from the elbow of the presserviz., d a, b l), s, and c-on the opposite side of the bobbin, the weight of these several parts being counterbalanced by their different distances from the axis of revolution, so that when the bobbin is full and all the space between the sides g and g, Fig. I, is filled, and while the bobbin is filling, in practice there is no appreciable variation or disturbance in the process of winding. Further, the space occupied by this presser being much less than that occupied by others, and the distance of its several parts from the axis of revolution being much less than other pressers in use, the disturbance of revolution is greatly lessened compared to other pressers, as the Brown presser, so called, and others that run up to the top of the flier. Pressers located near the top of the hier are a great obstruction to the insertion or mending of the roving near this place, where in practice it is inost liable to breakage. Especially is this the case in inending the thread or roving of the rear flier, one row of fliers being located directly in the rear of another row on their spinning-frames.

A further advantage over others is constructing the presser, as described, so that stands m m can be brazed onto the flier at the time the flier is wrought. These stands are solid pieces, and are afterward drilled out for the reception of shaft a, and a is secured by a after it is passed through b b. This brazng on of b b in practice is a great security, as other pressers whose stands are soldered to the iiiers are frequently thrown off in their high revolutions and do much damage. rlhe construction of other pressers is such-as, for instance, the Brown-that it cannot be brazed onto its flier, but inust be soldered. After holes are drilled in b b and shaft a let into and through the same fromv the top, one end is confined by the elbow of arm m, the other by pin a. In pressers for fliers that have been heretofore used in spinning this peculiar thread called roving, (strictly speaking no thread at all, but the beginning thereof as the cotton comes from the earders,) their power and efficiency have been dependent on a counter balance or weight near the top of the flier regulated solely by the speed of revolution, and vever varying as that speed, whereas in this iinprovement the adjustable spring s has no sort of connection or dependence on the revolution ot' the flier or anything else; but is an independent positive reliable constant force of whatever amount is desired, whether the speed be high or low, a desideratuin always sought, but never in my belief before attained. Further, in all processes of winding roving or threads of fibrous substances, it is demonstrated that a spiral spring is the best adapted of all kinds of springs to the constant variations that machinery is liable toA Spring s is therefore made of steel wire, and is spring-tempered, and although a particular method of adjusting the same to different pressures has been pointed out it is not intended to confine this spring to such inode of adjustment solely; but s may be regulated by collar c being placed on its opposite end regulating the presser'.

its shaft or arin or other part as set out in Letters Patent heretofore granted to said SMITH, bearing date the 3d day of May, 1859, used on a different sort of ier; but

That I claim as administrator aforesaid, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The mode of regulating the presser by means of the adjustable spiral spring s connected thereto, substantially as herein described, and for the purposes set forth.

JOSEPH B. CLARK,

Administrator.

Witnesses:

NAHUM BALDWIN, B. P. CILLEY. 

